Home Composting

Composting Your Pumpkin Leftovers At Home

Pumpkins and other fall gourds are great additions to your home compost pile. Below are some tips for composting pumpkins:

  • Smash up any pumpkin rinds and guts before mixing them into your backyard pile with plenty of carbon sources (leaves, wood chips, twigs, etc.)
  • Be sure to remove any candles, wax, or lights from your pumpkin and avoid composting anything that is painted or has glitter.
  • Removing seeds ahead of time can help prevent growing pumpkin plants in your compost pile later on. Alternatively, you can remove your seeds to roast as a snack.

Pumpkin Smash and Pumpkin Drop-off Events 

Instead of throwing your carved pumpkins into the garbage, some local governments and community groups host pumpkin smashes or pumpkin drop-off events where residents are invited to drop off their pumpkins for composting. If there is an event happening in your community that you would like listed, please email [email protected]

Oswego County

Sullivan County

Westchester County

Making the Most of Your Christmas Tree

Keep your tree out of the landfill and make the most of your Christmas tree:

  • Your municipality may offer a free tree collection or recycling program that will turn your tree into mulch or compost. Contact your local department of public works to find out. Remember to remove all lights and decorations first.
  • If you have space in your yard, consider using your tree as a brush pile for the birds. Not only will the pile provide extra shelter for feathered friends during the cold winter months, but it'll also give you some excellent backyard bird-watching opportunities!
  • Some farms accept Christmas trees for their goats to munch on the vitamin C rich needles. Be sure to confirm that the farm near you is currently accepting Christmas trees before considering this option.

View more tips on giving your Christmas tree a second life. 

Christmas Tree Collection Events 

If there is a Christmas tree collection event happening in your community that you would like listed, please email [email protected]

Check if it is a drop-off or curbside pick up program. Be sure to remove any tinsel, ornaments and other decorations from your Christmas tree. 

Events in your local area coming.

Eat Smart, Waste Less and Compost the Rest

According to the EPA, one-third of the food produced in the United States goes uneaten each year with an average household of four spending nearly $3,000 each year on food that goes uneaten. When food goes uneaten, the resources that went into growing, harvesting and transporting that food go to waste as well. Reducing the amount of food you waste at home not only can help reduce your environmental footprint, but it can also save you money! 

Composting at Home

There are a number of ways you can get involved in composting at home:

  • Purchase compost from a compost facility or retail location
  • Compost in your backyard
  • Compost with worms (vermicomposting)
  • Subscribe to a local food scraps collection service
  • Participate in community composting initiatives and events (food scraps drop-off programs, pumpkin smash events and Christmas tree recycling)

Composting organic materials such as yard trimmings and food scraps reduces the amount of waste that ends up in landfills or combustion facilities. Preventing organics from landfills reduces the production of methane, a potent greenhouse gas.

Adding compost to the soil:

  • provides valuable nutrients;
  • improves soil structure;
  • adds beneficial soil micro-organisms;
  • suppresses certain plant diseases
  • reduces the need for fertilizers and pesticides; and
  • helps prevent soil erosion and nutrient run-off.

Find Compost Produced in New York State

On this map, you can find where to purchase finished compost produced in New York State (available in bags or by bulk). Email [email protected] if you would like to be added to the map.

Backyard Composting and Vermicomposting

Composting at home is easy; all it takes is a little time, effort and patience. After plants and animals die, they decompose naturally as bacteria and fungi go to work breaking down the remains. Once decayed, the original material is no longer recognizable and takes the form of a rich, dark, soil-like substance. When humans help this process along it is called composting and the product is called compost.

For good composting, the bacteria and fungi that do most of the work must have four things to thrive, which are captured in this simple rhyme:

Making compost takes some care; add greens, browns, water and air.

  • Greens are your nitrogen source and include food scraps (such as fruit and vegetable peels, coffee grounds, tea bags and old bread), fresh grass clippings, fresh weeds and manure.
  • Browns are your carbon source and include fallen leaves, dry weeds, shredded paper, wood chips and straw. Browns provide structure for the pile, allowing air to flow more freely.
  • Air - Compost microorganisms need oxygen! While not necessary, turning (or mixing) the pile twice a month will add more air and speed up breakdown.
  • Water - Composting works best with the right amount of moisture. If the pile is too wet, add some leaves, shredded newspaper or sawdust. If it's too dry, add some water.

DEC's home composting guide (PDF, 1.8 MB) can help you start composting!

If you can't compost outside, go inside with a worm bin.

Composting with worms is known as vermicomposting and you need four things to get started - a bin, bedding, worms (red wigglers recommended) and food scraps. Red wigglers are attracted to food odors and eat the degrading food and microorganisms, which really reduces odors in the bin! As worms eat their way through the food scraps in your bin, they create castings which can be used as a soil amendment in your house plants or garden.

  • Fruit and vegetables
  • Coffee grounds
  • Indoor plant trimmings
  • Yard trimmings
  • Leaves

  • NO meat, fish, poultry, bones, or fatty foods such as cheese and oils. These attract animals and do not compost well in a home system.
  • NO dairy products. They attract animals and do not compost well in a home system.
  • NO cat litter or dog feces. These materials may contain disease organisms that remain after composting.
  • NO plants that spread through stems (rhizomes) or roots (e.g. ivy, grass).

  • Compost has many uses around the home. It is ready to use when it is dark and crumbly, and smells earthy. This usually takes 6 months to one year.
  • Gardens and Lawns: Mix it into the garden soil or sprinkle it on the lawn to improve moisture retention and soil texture, and to add beneficial microorganisms and nutrients.
  • Prior to adding compost to the lawn it is best to screen it with a ½ inch mesh or smaller.
  • Landscaping: Use it around garden beds, trees or shrubs as a mulch.
  • House Plants: Use 1/2 to 1/3 of your container volume instead of soil.

Watch DEC's Gary Feinland discuss trouble shooting your backyard compost pile.

ProblemCauseSolution
The Pile SmellsToo many "greens"Add more browns and turn the pile
Not enough airTurn the pile
Too much waterAdd dry browns and turn the pile

(Just a few drops should come out when you squeeze a handful of the partly degraded composting material.)
The Pile Isn't Doing AnythingPile is too smallIncrease the size of the pile and add more material.
Too wet/not enough airTurn the pile, add more browns.
There are too many brownsAdd more greens and mix in.
The Pile Freezes in the WinterPile too small and not insulatedIncrease the size of the pile and add more material. Add a layer of browns around the bin as insulation.
Flies are on top of the PileFood is not buriedBury food three inches under browns or composting material.
Animals are Attracted to the BinFood is not buriedBury food three inches under browns or composting material.
Bin is not Animal ResistantUse 1/2 inch hardware cloth around the bin.

Food Scraps Drop-Off Programs and Residential Services 

Local community composting programs are gaining in popularity across New York State. Communities are diverting food scraps from the waste stream and supplying participants with fresh, local compost! Look for a food scraps drop off program in your area or residential food scraps pick up service.

Interactive Map of NYS Food Scraps Drop-Off Programs and Residential Food Scraps Collection Services

Explore the map below to find food scraps drop-off programs and/or residential collection services near you. This map is maintained by NYS Association for Reduction, Reuse and Recycling (NYSAR3), Institute for Sustainability Engagement and DEC. 

Additional Resources for composting in your community

Pumpkin Smash Resources:

Large Scale Composting

Many residents do not have the time or space to compost large quantities of organic materials, such as fallen leaves. Some municipalities operate compost facilities that accept leaves, grass and branches. These facilities divert materials that would otherwise take up space in landfills. In addition, many municipalities now ban leaves from landfill disposal. Since burning leaves is prohibited in New York State, sending leaves to a compost facility is one of the few options still available to residents. Find out what's happening in your area. If no program exists, urge your community leaders to put one in place.

Leave it on the Lawn - Reuse Mulched Leaves and Grass Clippings

Leave it on the lawn refers to leaving cut grass and leaves on your lawn and allowing them to naturally decompose. Mulch mowing leaves and leaving cut grass on your lawn saves time, returns nutrients to the soil, and is good for the environment.

Learn more about reusing mulched leaves and grass clippings. 

Celebrate New York State Compost Awareness Week May 3-9, 2026

Thank you to those who joined us in celebrating 2025 International Compost Awareness Week. 

New York State joins the international community in celebrating Compost Awareness Week each year in early May. Join us May 3 - 9, 2026 to celebrate Compost Awareness Week. 

Check back later this year for additional information on 2026 International Compost Awareness Week. 

Important Links

Home Composting Guide (1.8 MB, PDF)
Easy Home Composting Poster (2.7 MB, PDF)
Contact for this Page

DMM, Bureau of Waste Reduction and Recycling
625 Broadway
Albany, NY 12233-7253

This Page Covers
New York State
Icon