Solid Waste Management Facility Groundwater Monitoring Well Design
This information is provided as a brief reference only. A full description of monitoring well placement and construction requirements is provided in 6 NYCRR 360-2.11 - Hydrogeologic Report.
Monitoring wells are designed and placed to define groundwater flow and water quality below the surface of a solid waste facility. Properly designed and placed wells will also ensure that groundwater samples and water level measurements are representative of the groundwater below the site. Placed individually or as clusters, each individual well is installed in its own boring.
A locking protective steel casing is placed over the well and secured in a concrete surface seal to protect the well. A distinctive, readily visible marker is attached to the well for easy location. A vent hole is located near the top of the protective casing to prevent explosive gas buildup and to allow water levels to respond naturally to barometric pressure changes. The well cap is also vented. A drain hole is drilled at the base of the protective casing to prevent water buildup. The protective casing is filled with gravel. The concrete surface seal must extend below the frost depth, must be at least three feet across and must be sloped to drain water away from the borehole of the well.
Well screens are slotted plastic pipes and the slot size of the screen must be smaller than the surrounding sand pack. The sand pack acts as a filter. The screen length is dependent on the horizon to be monitored, but is less than 20 feet. The sand pack surrounding the well screen must be clean, inert, siliceous material. The grain size is based on the grain size of the material the well is drilled into and must minimize the amount of fine materials entering the well without inhibiting the inflow of groundwater. The sand pack is placed in the annular space around the well screen and extends two feet (or 20 percent of the screen length whichever is greater) above the top, and six inches below the bottom, of the screen. A finer grained sand pack material six inches thick is placed at the top of the sand pack between the sand and the bentonite seal. Bentonite is placed above the sand pack to form a seal at least three feet thick and a six- to 12-inch fine grained sand pack is placed above the bentonite seal to minimize grout infiltration. Grout of cement/bentonite, bentonite alone, or other suitable, low permeability material completely fills the remaining annular space to the surface seal.
DMM, Bureau of Solid Waste Management
625 Broadway
Albany, NY 12233
